Half Of A Yellow Sun Chimamanda Adichie English Literature Essay

Half Of A Yellow Sun Chimamanda Adichie English Literature Essay In the wake of perusing Chimamanda Ngozi Adichies exciting novel, Half of a Yellow Sun is anything but an ordinary war story. It is a story whose characters live in a changing wartime air, putting forth a valiant effort to keep that condition under control. And keeping in mind that the attacks of the Biafran war are notable, they don't show themselves in unsurprising or one-note ways here. From perusing the audits, I discovered this is the creators second novel. It is composed with dumbfounding compassion and the characteristic beauty of a typical narrator, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie weaves together the lives of three characters cleared up in the choppiness of the decade. In this scholarly examination, I plan on looking at parts of the artistic components that Adichie consolidates the extent that her composing style and her explanations behind delineating certain components in certain light. I additionally plan to separate a few portrayals and social components of her novel that I iden tify with in attempting to comprehend between racial/class strife. At long last, I take a gander at how Adichie changes her characters all through the novel. In spite of the fact that this examination may not follow an obviously characterized stream, much like the novel does, have confidence that I consider every contingency. The characters and scene are strikingly painted - multi year old Ugwu is utilized as a houseboy for a college teacher loaded with progressive energy. Olanna is the teachers wonderful special lady, who has deserted her life of benefit in Lagos for a smudged college town and the magnetism of her new darling. What's more, Richard is a timid youthful Englishman seeking Olannas twin sister, a cryptic figure who won't have a place with anybody. As Nigerian soldiers advance and the three must run for their carries on with, their standards are seriously tried as are their loyalties to each other. As I would like to think, the focal topic rotates around moral duty, about the finish of expansionism, about ethnic loyalties, and about class and race. Adichie arraigns the outside world for its unconcern and tests the pomposity and numbness that propagated the contention. In view of on political occasions in nineteen-sixties Nigeria, this novel spotlights on Olanna who succumbs to the imperious scholarly whose political feelings cover his own shortcomings; in the interim, Kainene gets engaged with a bashful, diligent British white man who battles to discover his place inside this contention however he relates to the Biafrans. After a progression of slaughters focusing on the Igbo individuals, the best possible universe of the two couples separates. Half of a Yellow Sun is worried about class and race and ethnicity which appear to assume the greatest job in the connections of characters to each other. Ugwu is just thirteen when he starts filling in as a houseboy for Odenigbo, yet he is one of the most insightful and perceptive characters in the novel. His quality all through influences the perusers experience of the story since he is at first a gullible untouchable glancing in yet before the finish of the novel he makes his mark. Positive or negative, life and the war circumstance change him into a veteran and he accounts his encounters during the war. The manners by which Adichie uncovers the distinctions in social class among her characters is likewise socially important. There are the diverse social presumptions made by taught Africans like Odenigbo, nouveau riche Africans like Olannas guardians, uneducated Africans like Odenigbos mother, and British exiles like Richards ex Susan. Adichie appears to make jokes about specific parts of her characters, take Odenigbo for example; the war transforms him from taught political debater to a dirty alcoholic and truly shows the force move in jobs. When he was the apathetic figure in the novel, Olanna appears to have that spot while he deteriorates because of the war situation. In perusing the novel, I couldnt help yet express an association between the Holocaust and the Biafran circumstance. I wound up addressing for what reason are the Igbo being slaughtered by the Hausa? I could just ascribe their contention to ancestral feelings of disdain and competitions. The epic clarifies that these competitions have been strengthened by British impedance providing the Hausa with cash, weapons and ammo. Additionally passed on by certain extracts all through the book, the British needed to save Nigeria as they saw fit a disdain of France and to propagate their huge market. They likewise changed the constitution to give the north power over the focal government and even fixed the races in support of themselves. Given the historical backdrop of Nigeria and Britains support during the war, the thrashing of Biafra appears to be an inescapable result yet I can comprehend why a people mistreated would revolt. Adichie breaks the sequential arrangement of her story so she can postpone the disclosure that Baby isn't Olannas kid and that Olanna had a short contact with Richard. The impacts of these disclosures recount a social problem. The babys mother dismisses her, Odenigbos mother dismisses her for not being a child, yet Olanna gives her actual mental fortitude in tolerating the infant as her own. Adichie tries showing Olannas white collar class outlook. She is nauseated at the cockroach eggs in her cousins house and is hesitant to let Baby blend in with town kids since they have lice, yet before the finish of the novel her advantaged viewpoint changed by the war. It is astounding that a lady so youthful could compose a novel of this degree. There is a human face on these battles, and being Nigerian-Igbo I can identify with them. Giving testimony regarding savagery and demise changes individuals in the story. Adichie handles portrayals of scenes of savagery, demise, and starvation in a practically severe and apathetic manner. I can just picture what experiences Ugwus mind being that he takes part in the assault of the bar young lady at that point discovers that his sister was additionally assaulted. Richard, then again, appears as though he needs to be African, figures out how to communicate in Igbo, and says we when he talks about Biafra. In spite of the fact that the Biafran officers are not intrigued, it appears to be a respectable motion to need to be an Igbo man. Perusing this book has developed my comprehension of Biafra specifically and war by and large each character make troublesome good decisions. I wind up being least thoughtful to Olanna when she cheats in counter, to Ugwu when he assaults the bar-young lady, to Eberechi for trading favors for security from the fighter, even to Odenigbos mother when she pursues Olanna out of the house. Every one of the significant characters additionally manage the topic of personality what their identity is, how they need to be? It is obvious that the situation in any culture directs how individuals act and respond and legitimize their conduct. For this situation, endurance between two clans was the impetus in a formerly steady nation, language fortify the novel㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ²s subjects of racial and social division. For instance, Ugwu㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ²s love of the English language, or the blending of lingos and words all through the novel. Indeed, even in Richard㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ²s character, he appears t o be an outcast. I feel compassion toward him and in spite of the fact that his character includes additional understanding into the Nigeria/Biafra war, I believe that he is a lot of like a phantom wandering the whole novel searching for a spot to fit in. That is the reason it is especially pitiful toward the finish of the novel when Kainene doesnt return as she would have been the main individual to permit Richard to acclimatize into the way of life. Taking everything into account, the story is one of endurance and recognition from an Igbo viewpoint; it is significant story to retell. The story starts as Ugwus aunt depicts to Ugwu his new manager: Master was somewhat insane; he had spent such a large number of years perusing books abroad, conversed with himself in his office, didn't generally return welcome, and had an excess of hair. It closes with Ugwus devotion of his book: For Master, my great man. I can just consider how Ugwus connection to his lord has changed over the span of the story, it fitting that Ugwu, and not Richard, ought to be the person who composes the narrative of the war and his kin. It was an amazement to find that Ugwu was the creator of The World was Silent When We Died? I discovered this an incredible wind and I didnt see it coming. Since faithfulness and disloyalty is one of the predominant subjects all through the novel, the key characters deceive one another, or themselves over and again however the mo re noteworthy danger from an outside foe assists with placing things in context and empower them to excuse and proceed onward and accommodates unification. I found the finish of the story tragic however settling since the Igbos came back to their homes, I can't picture escaping from my home because of racial or inborn mistreatment.

Margaret Thatcher Leadership free essay sample

When known as the most disliked lady in Britain, Margaret Thatcher restored a country that was in a condition of tumult. She was the primary lady chose Prime Minister of the nation and the main in the twentieth century to serve three successive terms which was the longest since 1827. Through her phenomenal vision she delivered radical changes, in her nation as well as around the world. She had a significant and lasting effect on legislative issues and even changed her own Conservative Parties standpoint. Through testing all thoughts that were ordinary, she set an impetus development for the finish of the twentieth century. Her historic perspectives on monetarism and privatization showed into one of Britains greatest commitments to political financial aspects on the planet. Changing a dead communist society would demonstrate no simple accomplishment for this revolutionist, yet through a special new development a pioneer rises. She was likewise the most disruptive PM of the century, acquiring both extraordinary worship yet in addition profound disdain from the partitioned open, especially for her treatment of worker's guilds. At the point when a youthful Denis Thatcher asked a splendid and adroit young lady to wed him, she made it clear that she was an altogether different lady than most. The future Prime Minister of England had concluded that she was not going to carry on with an actual existence through her better half. She was resolved to have any kind of effect on the planet, and that she did. Margaret Thatcher was the primary female Prime Minister of Great Britain, known for her hard-edged initiative style and her solid political perspectives. The Iron Lady (2011) is a film that investigates the pioneer in present time experiencing mature age dementia and, through flashbacks, investigates the idea of her capacity and its effect on self as well as other people. This film reestablished enthusiasm for Thatcher and goes about as an incredible premise to assess her initiative styles and the viability of her authority. Early Life of Margaret Thatcher: Margaret Thatcher was conceived on October thirteenth 1925 in Grantham to Alfred Roberts, who was a merchant, lay evangelist and neighborhood city hall leader. She built up an early enthusiasm for governmental issues and, when examining science at Oxford, became leader of the Oxford Conservative Association (the Conservative being one of Britain’s principle ideological groups). She graduated in 1946 and labored for a long time as an examination scientific expert, yet she contemplated law when not in work and turned into a counselor in 1954. In 1951 she wedded Denis Thatcher, having two twin kids by him. Early Political Life: Thatcher previously represented Parliament in 1950, however won her first political race in 1959, winning the seat of Finchley in London, which she held until she resigned in 1992. She rose inside the positions of the Conservative Party, holding an assortment of positions, and entered the Shadow Cabinet in 1967. In 1970 she turned into the Minister for Education, pushing an expansion in spending on training and the formation of progressively complete schools, however she rose to open unmistakable quality subsequent to dropping a program giving free milk to elementary younger students which prompted the moniker Thatcher the Milk Snatcher. Margaret Thatcher becomes Prime Minister: At the point when Conservative Party pioneer Edward Heath lost two General Elections in 1974, Margaret Thatcher turned into the main bureau serve arranged to challenge him for the administration of the gathering; she was in reasonable terms the competitor of repelled conservative MPs. She won, shockingly, by 130 votes to 119, however she just increased one vote from her Shadow Cabinet partners. She drove the gathering in resistance and afterward in the 1979 decisions, winning to a great extent in light of the fact that the restriction was so isolated and disagreeable, and due to a progression of significant strikes the winter previously; hers was the most reduced edge of triumph since 1922. Margaret Thatchers First Term: Britain’s economy in 1979 was in a poor state, and Thatcher’s first term in office saw her and her chancellor receive a financial hypothesis known as Monetarism, while stripping endlessly government guidelines on business and endowments. Numerous wasteful organizations flopped accordingly, prompting an ascent in joblessness and expansion multiplied. This she countered with an ascent in charges and an adjustment in the cash flexibly, bringing both a sharp fall in expansion and restriction from financial specialists and people in general. The Falklands War and a Second Victory: At this point the Thatcher government was profoundly disagreeable. At that point, Argentina attacked the Falklands, a British island in the southern side of the equator. The following Falklands War, which Thatcher ran successfully with extraordinary devoted enthusiasm, helped the prevalence of her administration colossally, driving, alongside profound division among the Labor Party (the principle political restriction), to the Conservatives winning a vast lion's share at the General Election in 1983. Thatcherism: the Policies and Style of Margaret Thatcher: Pundits have blamed Margaret Thatcher for without a brought together arrangement of strategies for quite a bit of her standard, yet a lot of practices and beliefs have gotten related to both her and her legislature: these are known as Thatcherism. The Thatcher government set about privatizing the vast majority of the enterprises run by the administration, including water, power and the trains, auctioning them off moderately inexpensively to new privately owned businesses. She additionally clipped down intensely on worker's guilds, passing laws intended to control strikes, shut shops and compassion strikes. One of the critical occasions of her legislature happened in 1984: the Miners Strike. Britain’s excavators fought the administration conclusion of â€Å"uneconomic† pits. Thatcher composed Britain around the striking excavators and constrained them once again into work without any concessions. Different parts of Thatcherism included selling committee houses to occupants, diminishing social help costs, constrains on print cash and an aversion of developing European federalism. She likewise brought down charges. A wild, aggressive methodology, a solid independence and different parts of her own style turned out to be firmly related to her governmental issues. The Iron Lady: Margaret Thatcher and the Cold War: Forging a cozy relationship with US President Ronald Reagan, Margaret Thatcher communicated a solid enemy of socialism and depicted the USSR as an abhorrent which ought to be restricted; she has been censured for immovably keeping the Cold War alive by this methodology until Gorbachev showed up in Russia to end it. In any case, she got Gorbachev energetically. A 1976 discourse from before she became Prime Minister, in which she completely denounced socialism, earned her the moniker The Iron Lady in the Soviet media, and the west before long embraced it. Third Office and Defeat: In 1984 Margaret Thatcher barely endure the IRA shelling of an inn in Brighton, some portion of a bigger crusade by the IRA for an assembled and free Ireland which was, thusly, some portion of the bigger political distress and savagery over British controlled Northern Ireland. The besieging earned her some compassion from the British open; surely, her subsequent term had unequivocally spellbound the UK, and her triumph in the General Election of 1987 uncovered a country profoundly isolated, with practically no Tory support in downtowns. Her third term was set apart by two boss rubbing focuses: a solid resistance to European Union, which isolated her gathering, and the Community Charge, also called the Poll Tax, which was so disliked it caused revolts in the roads. With the monetary circumstance declining in 89-90 †there was downturn and high joblessness and Thatcher subverted by the survey charge, there were questions inside the gathering whether Thatcher could win a fourth political decision. An all the more genius European individual from the Conservative Party called Michael Heseltine tested Thatcher for administration of the gathering. Thatcher won a greater number of votes than Heseltine, yet was four votes shy of inside and out triumph and was pressurized by the gathering into leaving. In 1992 she left her parliamentary seat and became Baroness of Kestevan, having a spot in the House of Lords, just as talking openly round the world. Her impact was felt for quite a while a short time later, regularly to the disappointment of her replacements. In 1995 she turned into an individual from the Order of the Garter. A progression of minor strokes made her resign from open talking in 2002, and she passed on in 2013 at 87 years old from a stroke. Initiative Styles â€Å"The just meaning of a pioneer is somebody who has followers† Drucker (1998 refered to in Edwin 2006 p. 340) Margaret Thatcher displayed certain character qualities in her political persona, for example, forcefulness fearlessness, predominance sober mindedness desire and a solid good conviction of how things ought to be. Klenke (1996) Trait Theory and Directive Leadership People who have been marked as incredible or viable pioneers have altogether different characteristics. (Doyle and Smith, 2011) Margaret Thatcher exhibited a capacity to explore a merciless universe of British governmental issues. (Swim, 2002) According to Doyle and Smith (2011) Directive administration is described by pioneers taking choices for other people and anticipating that devotees or subordinates should adhere to guidelines. In correlation the previous Tory Cabinet serve Jonathan Aitken expressed MT’s relationship with her partners never included her applying control over the bureau. (Morton, 2012) Margaret Thatcher has said; â€Å"I shant be pulling the switches there however I will be a generally excellent rearward sitting arrangement driver†. (igreens. organization, 2006)

Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Station Accident free essay sample

On August seventeenth, 2009, the Sayana-Shushenskaya powerplant endured an enormous mishap that brought about the flooding of the motor and turbine rooms and two electric generators to detonate submerged because of short out. Because of weakness brought about by broad vibrations, the pins holding turbine number 2 breaks separated. Water hurrying down the penstocks powers the 1500 ton turbine through the powerhouse floor propelling it 50 feet into the air. A wellspring of water streaming at 67,600 gallons for every second crushes the rooftop and floods the turbine corridor causing power disappointments and short out to turbines 7 and 9[6]. 4. 1 Design Process Factors Shortly after its establishment, turbine number 2 had been encountering issues because of imperfections in seals and shaft vibrations. In March 2000, a total upgrade on turbine 2 was performed where pits of 12 mm top to bottom and laughs hysterically to 130mm long found and fixed. In spite of these endeavors, turbine number 2 kept on having issues bringing about further fixes in 2005 and 2009[7][5]. Preceding the mishap, the turbine was experiencing booked support from January through March 2009. During the support time frame, the turbine edges were welded because of appearance of splits and depressions brought about by extensive stretch of activity. The turbine was additionally furnished with another electro water powered speed controller provided by Promavtomatika organization [7]. It was resynchronized to the network on March 16 in spite of the fact that the vibrations stayed high however didn't surpass details. The vibrations expanded among April and July surpassing the determinations making the unit be taken disconnected until August sixteenth when the Bratsk fire constrained directors to drive the turbine into administration once more. LMZ, the St. Petersburg metalworks that made the turbines gave it a multi year administration life expectancy. Turbine 2’s age on August seventeenth was 29 years 10 months [6]. Turbine 2 was begun and changed to controlling mode because of the Bratsk discharge. Information on turbine 2’s beginning up and activity period through to the disappointment time is recorded in Figure 5[3]. Figure : Operating state of Turbine 2[3] The turbine models are RO-230/833-V-677. As appeared in Figure 5, they have limited suggested zone of intensity control. Inordinate vibrations happen when it is being worked with a force setting out of the suggested zone or when it is in changing through the â€Å"not recommended† zone. Moreover, when turbine 2 was hurriedly pushed over into administration, the vibrations were curiously high and kept on rising. Figure 6 howl shows information of the vibration from the plant logs. [3] Figure : Increasing Vibration level of turbine 2[3] The log information shows that the bearing vibration level of turbine 2 expanded exponentially and surpassed the estimations of different turbines by more than fourfold. At the time of the mishap vibrations were at 840â µm when its most extreme worthy worth is 160  µm. Figure 6 likewise shows that turbine 2 was working with vibration levels over 600  µm for an extensive stretch while the remainder of the turbines were at around 200  µm. [3] This prompted the gear weariness, fundamentally in the turbine stay darts because of the broad vibration making it at long last arrive at the purpose of disappointment. 4. 2 Human Factors Human factor additionally had its influence in causing the mishap at the powerplant. On the off chance that little subtleties that were neglected and overlooked were fixed rather, the mishap could have been turned away. For example, when turbine 2 was under upkeep from January to March 2009, after the fixes on the turbine were finished, the turbine wheel was not appropriately rebalanced before initiating activity [7]. This may have added to why the turbine kept on vibrating widely during April and July driving it to be stopped until August 16. Be that as it may, turbine 2 was hurriedly pushed once again into activity because of the Bratsk plant fire. The Siberian Unified Dispatching Control Center (UDCC) settled on the choice to begin turbine 2 at the Sayano-Shushenskaya plant and change it to controlling mode promptly as spread for the Bratsk plant despite the fact that it was stopped because of the broad vibrations. This implies it was exposed to considerably increasingly extreme cycling administration because of the progression of water, driving it through a few goes through the â€Å"not recommended† zones of intensity yield as found in Figure 5. Moreover, these turbine models have an exceptionally fine working band at high effectiveness conditions. At the point when this band is surpassed the turbines will start to vibrate because of the power of water stream. This thusly prompts debasing of the turbine in the long run because of vibrations and stuns. The issue was watched commonly but then the heap on turbine 2 was not diminished. During the morning of the mishap on August seventeenth, 2009, the plant general executive, Nikolai Nevolko, was praising his seventeenth commemoration. While he was away promptly toward the beginning of the day to welcome the showing up visitors, the degrees of vibrations were exceptionally high since turbine 2 was working in the â€Å"not recommended† zone to fulfill matrix needs [3]. None of the 50 staff present around turbine 2 had position to settle on any choices about taking further activities to adapt to the expanding vibrations. They were utilized to those significant levels of vibration and decide to disregard them. The report of the mishap recorded previous state controlled utility boss Anatoly Chubais as one of the individuals it says were â€Å"conductive† to the mishap [8]. Chubais is said to have endorsed a request to permit the powerplant to keep working regardless of known issues and what the report portrayed as â€Å"lack of a sufficient assessment of its present security conditions†. It was significantly all the more confounding why the request came a long time after the plant had really been working. [8] 5. 0 Consequences Effects of Accident 5. 1 Health In the outcome of the mishap, salvage activities were begun to look for survivors with 400 workers collected to clear the flood in the turbine corridor and clear the destruction. The activity spread over about fourteen days with 177,000 cubic feet of flotsam and jetsam expelled and 14 survivors were protected from the destruction. Anyway that was not the situation for everybody as 75 staff were articulated dead when caught in the turbine corridor. Because of the cataclysmic consequences of the mishap, the chief of the plant Nikolai Nevolko surrendered and was supplanted by Valerii Kjari. [6][9] 5. 2 Environment Ecology Due to mishap the penstocks must be closed down because of fixes, henceforth all the stream water had to go through the spillway. The spillway was not intended to support a lot of water during winter somewhat because of arrangement of gigantic measures of ice obstructing its way. The issue was later settled by running a portion of the reestablished units and development of in-rock sidestep channels [3]. What's more, transformer oil spillage that was utilized as the coolant spilled into the waterway when the transformers detonated. Around at any rate 40 tons of transformer oil was spread more than 80 kilometers downstream of the Yenisei River [11]. This spill prompted the murdering of huge amounts of trout fish in two fisheries downstream and furthermore influenced other natural life by the waterway [5]. 5. 3 Damage Costs The absolute expense of reestablishing the powerplant is at 40,981 million rubles. The reclamation procedure was funds by the RusHydro’s value capital and furthermore by raising 4,832. 1 million from the government spending plan in 2009 [10]. Installments were additionally made to the groups of the perished adding up to 38,170 rubles for memorial service costs, two normal month to month compensations of the expired worker and furthermore one year’s pay of the perished for every individual from the family that can't work adding up to around 1,000,00 rubles for every family. Besides all representatives that were harmed will be furnished with material help and their treatment and recovery cost will be shrouded in full [12]. 6. 0 Improvement Prevention 6. 1 Design Process During the mishap, the plant’s programmed security framework didn't close down the turbines and close the passage entryways to the penstock at the highest point of the dam because of shortcircuits. The framework presently has been improved to close the doors in the event of a force misfortune. Notwithstanding that, the doors can now likewise be controlled physically from the primary control room. Crisis reinforcement power has been introduced for additional security incase the principle power gracefully fizzles [3][6]. The powerplant ought to likewise introduce a vibration observing framework on every one of the turbines. They ought to be customized to observe explicit standards that don't rely upon manual association to close down a defective unit. This gadget could go about as a crisis shutdown if there should arise an occurrence of extreme vibrations. The turbines ought not be permitted to work in the â€Å"not recommended† zone for two long. Its activity ought to be observed continually to stay away from arrangement of splits and depressions. 6. 2 Human Resources The establishment and upkeep all things considered and gear ought to be checked and acknowledged by the essential hardware makers and not by the powerplant boss as in the past. This is on the grounds that the producers would have more information on the most proficient method to manage absconds in the frameworks. The executives and the board should make a point to never disregard and overlook even a little issue with the activity. They ought to guarantee the turbines be put disconnected at the principal sign of variations from the norm. 6. 3 Safety Health The primary improvement that can be made is for the chiefs of the plant to put more an incentive on human and gear wellbeing than on the financial matters of intensity creation. Staff ought to be given adequate preparing and rules to deal with crisis circumstance. They ought to be given adequate position to settle on critical choices without a predominant. At long last, a completely supported broad assessment, fix and upkeep program ought to be placed energetically more frequently. Besides, irregular examinations by a free organizatio

Homelessness And IDPs In Jamaica - Free Essay Example

Literature Review While ID is a global crisis and various studies have been conducted on the persons who are affected by it in many countries. However, there are limited resources available for such persons in Jamaica and the terminology IDPs does not resonates with many Jamaicans. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) report of 2013 describes displaced persons as those that may have been placed at risk of poverty due to being separated from their means of livelihood or support. The report further picks to the nuances of social, political, legal and other frames of reference that may apply to these persons inclusive of deportees/ IRMs, and ex-prisoners but not stranded visitors. The report states that these persons are unable to provide for their basic needs through their efforts, including employment, or because of other barriers to their freedom. With issues as these, persons often become homeless and either end up in a homeless shelter or on the street. (PIOJ 2013, pg 20 par 1,2) The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) posits that in the early 1990s internal displacement went on the international agenda and became recognised as an important issue of global concern. It was only a subject that had neither clear definitions nor a normative framework that would be able to guide states and international humanitarian actors. While much improvement ismaking, there is room for greater accomplishment. https://www.internal-displacement.org/index.php/internal-displacement/history-of-internal-displacement (25/10/2018) Belay Rehabilitation Centre posted an article stating that In addition to the effects of internal displacement, the negative experiences of evacuees in temporary shelters, tent cities, and other evacuation centres (malnutrition, epidemics, physical assaults, and other human rights violations) produce adverse emotional and behavioural effects and psychological disorders. IDPs in Jamaica are affected in these as well especially the deportees/IRMs, ex-prisoners and stranded visitors. Deportees / Involuntary Returned Migrants (IRMs) Deportees are otherwise called involuntary returned migrants (IRMs),are defined in the IOM 2018 profile as those nationals abroad who are involuntarily returned to their country of birth following charges for offences committed (criminal and civil) in a country overseas and in which they have no citizenship status, although they may have lived there for many years. Many deportees have become homeless and displaced as they may have inadequate or no connection with family or friends in Jamaica. The PIOJ 2013 report postulates that the deportees often have difficulty reintegrating into the society. From a social protection perspective, deportees are open to risks of poverty not only because of the lack of sufficient family support systems, but also their risks of unemployment and low livelihood security, based on their circumstances. Ex-prisoners While crime can maybe excused and though everyone makes mistakes, being an ex-prisoner at times results in one becoming displaced. The PIOJ 2013 defines ex-prisoners as those who have been discharged (sentence only) and those who arereleased on parole. The report also states that ex-prisoners are a vulnerable group because of the potential to be or remain poor because of the challenges they face to be employed. They may become internally displaced if the crime they committed has turned community members against them, or their pride and fear for their own life. Henry-Lee 2005 reported that after being released from prison, ex-prisoners found life to be particularly challenging because rehabilitation in the nations prisons is almost non-existent. Stranded Visitors Stranded visitors are aliens who have been visiting the island and have become homeless and internally displaced, they are not citizens of Jamaica. They could be visiting the country for several reasons. These persons have come to the attention of the researcher because some became homeless and were found wandering the streets. Such persons are brought to homeless residential shelters by immigration officers who work with the Passport, Immigration Citizenship Agency (PICA), or they may be referred by other agencies. There is no previous research that has been carried out on this set of persons. The researchers own experience during 11 years of working with the homeless has challenged her to include this un-studied group in this research. Psychosocial Stressors Some psychosocial stressors that may affect these cohorts of IDPs include: Homelessness Unemployment Estrangement from family Absence of economic support Absence of supportive legislation and policies Stigma of imprisonment Theoretical Framework The theoretical underpinning of this study will be based on two (2) theories, the ecological systems theory and capability approach. The ecological systems theory is a joint approach of ecological principles and the systems theory primary established by Bronfenbrenner in the 1970s as a theory of human development (Bronfenbrenner, 1994). From a Social Work viewpoint, the ecological systems theory place emphases on the person in the environment. This theory will help to describe how the homeless internally displaced person and the environment are interactive and synergist exists with each other in ways that may simultaneously affect one another and different subsystems in their environment (Weiss-Gal, 2008). The Ecological Systems Theory This theory postulates that the best fit between the homeless IDPs and their environment, results when they are connected and engaged within a supportive environment which assists in their functioning. Bronfenbrenner conceptualized that a persons progr ession is affected by their surrounding environment. He segmented the individuals environment into five different levels; this research will only focus on threethe microsystem, the mesosystem, and the macro-system. Capability Approach (CA) The capability approach (CA) initially proposed by Sen in 1979 succeeded the basic needs approach. Sen 1999a and Nussbaum 2001 expounded CA theory to enhance the assessment of individual needs, along with the evaluation of social provisions and the impact of policies and how they may affect social transformation. The capability approach to a persons advantage is concerned with evaluating it regarding his or her actual ability to achieve various valuable functioning as a part of living. The corresponding approach to social advantage for aggregative appraisal as well as for the choice of institutions and policy takes the set of individual capabilities as constituting an indispensable and central part of the relevant informational base of such evaluation (Sen 1993: 30). Capability approach, therefore, is a broad context for the assessment of human well-being and societal organizations, the formulation of policies and procedures in regards to changes in humanity. Therefore, the core focus of using this approach is to utilize its concept to assist in developing a positive change in the welfare of the homeless IDPs. Methodology Research Design A qualitative, multiple case study research (Creswell, 2007, p.74) will be employed with 30 adults male and female who experienced being homeless and internally displaced. Case studies are effective as they permit a wealthy, vigorous and a complete description of the phenomenon being investigated. According to Baxter and Jack (2008) Case study research design principles lend themselves to including numerous strategies that promote data credibility or true value (p. 556). This type of research also answers those questions that are necessary to extrapolate information that is necessary for this study. A case study allows one to place boundaries around ones case to keep the case within a reasonable scope (Creswell, 2007, p.73). This study may be limited because only interviews will be conducted to gather data because of limited resources.

Of Mice and Men Literary Criticism Essay - 1941 Words

At the mention of the name, John Steinbeck, many associations can be made to the classic works produced by the man. However, he did not begin his life as a successful writer. Growing up in Salinas, California, Steinbeck lived the life of a common man, working to survive in the Land of Promise. He began to develop a taste for writing; however, he studied marine biology while he attended Stanford University. Without graduating with a degree, Steinbeck began working as a laborer and reporter for the American in New York City. After realizing that he was not meeting his goals, or at least coming close to them, Steinbeck moved back to California where he continued to work in various odd jobs while he pursuing his career as a professional†¦show more content†¦When Candy thinks back on his dog, he becomes sad and says to George, I ought to of shot that dog myself, George. I shouldnt ought to of let no stranger shoot my dog (61). Candy thinks that the right thing to have done would have been to kill his dog himself. Later in the story, George is faced with a similar situation. While Lennie is being hunted by the angry group, George decides that it would have been better to kill Lennie himself because Lennie was Georges companion, his best friend, his pet, and his responsibility. Candy continues to search for companionship by trying to get in on the dream to own land, which was originally shared by Lennie and George. Candy tries to contribute money to the dream but in the end, the dream is shattered when Lennie dies. This is Steinbecks way of saying that men are destined to be alone in the end. Even though Candy and George were still around, they both realized that there was no hope for getting out of the horrible hand they were dealt. This relationship between George and Lennie contrasts the loneliness that surrounds their everyday life. Every person around them is lonely in one way or another. Theres Candy, whose only companion was an old dog, Crooks, the isolated black man, Curleys wife, who is trapped and subjected to Curley in their marriage, and Curley, who doesnt even trust his wife. When GeorgeShow MoreRelatedEssay The Futility of Dreams in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men1915 Words   |  8 PagesThe Futility of Dreams in Of Mice and Men    Everyone has a dream they hope to achieve, but dreams are not always possible to attain. In John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men, two ranch hands, George and Lennie, find work in Salinas Valley. Lennie, constantly getting into trouble, inadvertently causes the two of them to be run out of town and thus have to find new work regularly. George and Lennies search for work in the hope of accomplishing their dream of a small farm of their own displaysRead MoreEssay on Theme of Loneliness in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men1136 Words   |  5 PagesThe Theme of Loneliness in Of Mice and Men      Ã‚  Ã‚   In the novel, Of Mice and Men John Steinbeck used George and Lennies relationship and the theme of hope to point out the loneliness in the novel. The novel starts off and is set in Soledad which means lonely. At the beginning they get a job working on a farm together. Lennie is a little retarded and has great physical strength that isnt too controllable. As they work from ranch to ranch, Lennie relies on George for guidance and help. RatherRead MoreHandicaps, Hardships, and Friendships in Of Mice and Men1362 Words   |  6 Pagesopportunity’s to achieve the dream that you conceptualize to be right by you. In the novel, Of Mice and Men, Steinbeck did not want to just illustrate the American dream as being easy, but he wanted to point out the American Dream as being difficult too. Steinbeck made a work of art by composing a great novel to make the reader understand that life can be difficult and at times dreams are hard to achieve. Of Mice and Men was written and b ased on the settings of the Great Depression (Anderson). The Great DepressionRead More Loneliness in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men Essay2202 Words   |  9 PagesLoneliness in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men       Mother Theresa once said, Loneliness is a mans worst poverty. Without friends and companions, people begin to suffer from loneliness and solitude (Dusenbury 38). Loneliness is an inevitable fact of life and cannot be avoided, as shown prevalent through each of the characters in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men. Each and every character in this novel exhibits loneliness. Lennie was isolated for being mentally handicapped, Candy was isolatedRead MoreAre Women Destructive Forces?1674 Words   |  7 Pagesdisgraced woman who emerged from the shadows to alter the precise definition of the disgraceful letter â€Å"A† on her chest. Later, John Steinbeck composed Of Mice and Men in the 1930’s that depicted Curleys spouse as determined but also immensely egotistic, ultimately prompting his wife to turn into a destructive power which end up ruining the dreams of the men working in the farm. In F. Scott Fitzgeralds book The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald utilized Daisy Buchana n, an ignorant, materialistic and intolerantRead Morebibliography2066 Words   |  9 PagesBibliography of the Criticisms of John Steinbeck’s â€Å" Of Mice Men†. â€Å"John (Ernest) Steinbeck,† â€Å" An overview Of Mice and Men,† â€Å" Steinbeck, Johnson, and the Master/Slave Relationship, â€Å" Reduced to Nothing: Race, Lynching, and Erasure in the Theater Revision of Steinbeck s Of Mice and Men, â€Å" â€Å" Steinbeck s Of Mice and Men (1937). â€Å" Research Abstract: John Steinbeck is best known for The Grapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men. Kevin Attell writes criticisms of Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men and details howRead MoreSteinbeck’s Quest for Friendship, Dreams, and Personality in Of Mice and Men1742 Words   |  7 PagesCurly and Lennie, two men that traveled together everywhere they went. In Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck describes friendship, dreams, and personality to describe Lennie and Curly adventures. Steinbeck believed that friendship was important. Lennie knows that George will always have his back, although Lennie cannot protect George he feels like he can (Steinbeck 14). Even though George says, he does not want Lennie with him; he does not want to leave him by himself (Steinbeck 13). When Lennie andRead MoreA Psychological Analysis of Of Mice and Men Essay1319 Words   |  6 Pagesliterature through the lens of psychology. There are multiple approaches to the psychological aspect of literature but the two most recognized are the Freudian and Jungian approach. The best approach to use when critically analyzing the novel Of Mice and Men, written by John Steinbeck, is the Jungian approach. Because the novel’s main theme is a struggle with the idea of â€Å"self†, using this approach allows the reader to understand the main character, its influences, and ultimately his actions. TheRead MoreJohn Steinbecks use of Realism, Characterization, and Dreams in The Grapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men2450 Words   |  10 PagesSteinbecks works is not only effective in informing the reader of circumstances that should be changed, but this nineteenth century literary style also creates great feelings of empathy toward the characters and their dreams. Steinbeck used realism to convey his points for a purpose, and his main purpose was that he wanted something to be made known to the public. Of Mice and Men and The Grapes of Wrath both tell of the hardships people went through and also the harsh conditions of their situations. TheRead MoreBiblical Allusions to The Grapes of Wrath Essay example1457 Words   |  6 Pagesand then traveled east on a freighter through the Panama Canal. Steinbeck went to New York to work as a newspaper reporter but soon returned to California and held a variety of jobs while he wrote. Steinbeck published Tortilla Flat in 1935, Of Mice and Me n in 1937, and The Red Pony in 1937, which established his reputation as a forceful writer. In 1939 he wrote The Grapes of Wrath, which summoned up the despair and hardship of the early 1930s. John Steinbeck died in 1968. The Grapes of Wrath is

Managing Human Resource The Art of Balancing

Question: Discuss about the Managing Human Resource for The Art of Balancing. Answer: Introduction Human Resource Management, or HRM, refers to a process of hiring and developing employees so as to make them more valuable to an organization (Yukl, n.d.). It usually incorporates conducting job analyses, recruitment of the right individuals for the job, planning personnel needs, management of salaries and wages, orienting and training, and evaluating employee performance. HRM also constitutes offering of benefits and incentives, communication with all staff at all levels, and resolution of disputes or conflicts. An organizations HR department is charged with the creation, implementation, and overseeing of policies that govern employee behavior and that of the organization toward its employees. It is impossible for any given organization to establish a good team of working experts without good human resources. Apart from employee performance, appraisals and motivation, HRM is also responsible for workplace safety and communication. This process is important to an organization because it encourages the staff to work as per their capabilities and offers them ideas that can assist them to bring about improvement in it (Duck, n.d.). Notably, a good work environment is an advantage that employees can expect from an effective HR team. By ensuring a healthy, clean, and safe setting, the management of an organization can bring out the best in an employee. Todays business world is quite diverse and this means that disputes can occur at any given time because of differences in cultures, values, beliefs, and norms. It is the duty of the HRM department to act as a mediator and consultant to sort out disputes or other issues that might come up, in an effective manner. Any organization that does not have a proper setup for Human Resource Management is bound to suffer from serious issues while trying to manage its normal business activities. Over time, organizations of all sizes undergo some form of organizational change. What many managers are yet to understand is that effective communication and just treatment of staff are usually deciding factors in the triumph or failure of any organizational change initiatives (Catlette Hadden, 2000). It is expected that employees will automatically embrace change, but it is critical that they understand the managements vision, particularly how this change will benefit the organization. Unmotivated employees tend to resist organizational change rather than welcome it. The HRM personnel must be prepared to address the various concerns and questions that employees will inherently have during the change process. There should also be a communication strategy that regularly reinforces the benefits and vision of the organizational change. If the change is with regards to leadership style, the top management and HRM should ensure that all employees are familiarized with the new leadership style and informed of the benefits that come with it. This business report will focus on a particular company, Top Trucking Company, which recently underwent an organizational change with regards to its leadership. It will look at how the contextual change affected or influenced the companys business activities, and the role of managers and changes in the organizational structure. The report will further discuss the challenges, if any, that Top Trucking Company faced in management employment relations. Employment relations, communication, performance management, and managerial styles will be highlighted with reference to the change at the company. A conclusion on the matter will be provided at the end of this business report. How do the new workplace practices introduced by the new yard manager complement one another? Top Trucking Company was considered to be a high-performance workplace and had held a firm position in the local product market. Recently, this organization was acquired by a big national transport group, forcing the old yard manager to retire. This meant that the management, leadership style and workplace practices would change following the introduction of the new yard manager. In the past, the company had been a tough place to work in that the old yard manager was very autocratic. He was not polite with the employees and entertained a lot of carelessness with regards to the safety of the staff. As stated in the case study, this old yard manager did not have ways of solving conflicts which were quite common during his leadership. It was apparent that most of the filing and book keeping was done manually. However, following the introduction of the new yard manager, things changed for the better. This manager had a different approach to handling employees and his leadership style was more democratic. He was willing to listen to and offer suggestions for any concerns that would be brought forth. The new yard manager simply made all employees feel important and contributing towards the organizational goals. This new way of carrying out business activities at Top Trucking Company had a huge impact on business activities for instance within a few years, it had won a number of new contracts (Anonymous, 2003). The old yard manager was not welcoming and this earned him a bad name with his potential clients. The employees were also not motivated and had developed low self-esteem; they did not believe in themselves since the old yard managers did not encourage them to be creative and innovative. However, under the new management and leadership, visitors would be seen from the head office and other yards around the nation. The company was now the representation of how organizations successfully implement organizational change. People from all over the country would now come to Top Trucking Company to observe how business activities were being carried out. The new yard manager applied and implemented participative change strategies which involved changes in rationales for action, percepts of the organization, attitudes, skills, and values (Abrahamson, 2000). Notably, top managers at this particular company had a role to play in addition to making changes in the organizational structure. Firstly, they were able to communicate the new changes to both the drivers of Top Trucking Company, and union representatives or stakeholders. Lack of communication is among factors resulting in resistance to change, and the new yard manager was well aware of this fact. Secondly, before, during and after the implementation of the organizational change, top managers were willing to listen to the employees opinions and concerns. They were in a better position of understanding the employees perspectives and feelings about the imposed changes. In addition, these managers were able to create and maintain a pleasant work environment for the employees, something which kept them motivated and eager to work towards organizational goals. Employees re-developed their self esteem, and their backs started to straighten (Burke Litwin, n.d.). They were no longer afraid to contribute towards the laid out company objectives, and their performance greatly improved. Top managers at Top Trucking Compan y were there to guide and encourage employees to embrace the new change. The organizational structure of the company is a valuable instrument in attaining coordination. Todays organizations are capable of operating within various different organizational structures, each possessing different pros and cons. With the old yard manager, the organizational structure was more centralized in that the decision-making power was focused at the higher levels in the organization. He would be the one to have the final say in a given project and would not allow employees to make any contributions towards the decision. On the other hand, the new yard manager implemented a more decentralized organizational structure where more decision-making power was given to lower-level employees, the outcome being a sense of empowerment (Burke, 2008). He used the performance management approach where by introducing a different way of operation and motivating employees, the number of contracts increased and employees felt more confident in their work. What are the risks to sustaining these changes if George or the yard manager moves on? So far, the changes that are taking place at Top Trucking Company have yielded positive outcomes, and it seems the company is off to a successful implementation of an organizational change after all. However, there may be a few risks to sustaining these changes if George or the yard manager moves on. There may also be some challenges in managing employment relationship issues. The new yard manager, unlike the old one, has managed to re-establish a comfortable, safe, and pleasant work environment where all employees feel valuable and needed. He has also managed to allow them to contribute towards the decision-making process. One of the risks to sustaining these transformations would be to have an employee trade the companys secrets. As indicated in the case presented, the new yard manager was not afraid to share information regarding the triumphs and pressures of the business (Conner, n.d.). This means that all information was readily available for any employee, if they requested it. An employee looking to get back at the new yard manager or resist the change would be lured into trading such information to the companys competitors. Secondly, some employees may be tempted to take advantage of the new democratic leadership style by going against company policies. Since their contributions are welcomed and listened to, such employees may want for their opinions to push through, forcibly discouraging their fellow workers from airing out any suggestions or ideas (Anderson Anderson, 2001). Another risk would be in the management of employment relations issues. Considering the fact that Top Trucking Company has a diverse workforce, it is easy for conflicts to arise if not addressed soon. If George or the new yard manager was to move on, there might be conflict since each employee would want their opinions and contributions heard. That is why it is necessary for George and the new yard manager to find ways of addressing such issues, should they arise. Do you think tough blue collar unions like the Transport Workers Union are more or less likely to engage in workplace changes like these than public or service sector unions? Why? How would you find out if you were right? I think that tough blue collar unions are less likely to engage in workplace changes like these compared to public or service sector unions because they tend to operate by the book. Public or service sector unions are more democratic and believe in a fair and just organizational structure. Theirs is more decentralized compared to the tough blue collar unions. To find out if I am right, I would consider a few HRM theories, models or frameworks that are applicable to this particular case for instance, the Change Management Foundation Model which can be used to describe the conventional ways of the blue collar unions. In this pyramid-like model, the employees and those implementing change are at the base, while top management and leadership setting the direction for the organization are at the top (Phillips, n.d.). The leadership style existing in unions such as the Transport Workers Union is more autocratic than democratic. On the other hand, the Lewins 3-Stage Model of Change can be used to describe the situation present in public or service sector unions. This model, also referred to as the unfreeze-change-refreeze is currently being implemented by most organizations today. The unfreeze stage involves preparing the organization or staff to accept that the change is necessary. The change phase involves employees beginning to resolve their uncertainties and looking for new ways to perform their various tasks. They also understand the benefits associated with the change. In the refreeze stage, changes not only begin to take shape, but are also internalized and institutionalized through incorporation into everyday business activities (Little, 2014). Public or service sector unions operate under a more democratic leadership structure and are therefore more likely to engage in workplace changes compared to the tough blue collar unions. Conclusion From what has been highlighted in this business report, organizational change can take various forms, and may also incorporate a companys policies, technology, culture, structure, procedures, or strategy. A shift in the environment can force an organization to make sudden changes so as to keep up with the current business trends. With reference to Top Trucking Company, change is all about letting go of the old ways and embracing new ways. We have seen how the old yard manager was distinct from the new yard manager in terms of their leadership styles. HRM theories relating to the case have also been briefly discussed. Top managers in any given organization have an important role to play in ensuring successful implementation of organizational change. How they address change issues such as resistance to change and employment relations determines the success or failure of the change. Todays business environment is changing fast and organizations must also transform quickly too. References Abrahamson, E. (2000). Change without pain. Harvard Business Review, 78(4). Pp. 75 79. Anderson, D., Anderson, L.A. (2001). Beyond change management: Advanced strategies for todays transformational leaders. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Anonymous. (2003). Making change work for real. HR Focus, 80(1). S1 S2. Bernerth, J. (2004). Expanding our understanding of the change message. Human Resource Development Review, 3(1). Pp. 36 52. Bovey, W.H., Hede, A. (2001). Resistance to organizational change: The role of defence mechanisms. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 16(7). Pp. 553 548. Burke, W. (2008). Organizational change: Theory and practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Burke, W., Litwin, G. (n.d.). A causal model of organizational performance and change. Journal of Management, Vol. 18, No. 3. Catlette, B., Hadden, R. (2000). Prepared to go, but eager to stay. Workforce, 79(8). Pp. 32 33. Conner, D.R. (n.d.). Managing at the speed of change: How resilient mangers succeed and prosper where other fail. Chichester: John Wiley Sons. Duck, J.D. (n.d.). Managing change: The art of balancing. Harvard Business Review, 71(6). Pp. 109 118. Harper, S.C. (n.d.). Leading organizational change in the 21st century. Industrial Management, 40(3). Pp. 25 30. Levasseur, R.E. (2001). People skills: Change management tools Lewins change model. Interfaces, 31(4). Pp. 71 73. Little, J. (2014). Lean change management: Innovative practices for managing organizational change. New York: Happy Melly Express. Phillips, J.R. (n.d.). Enhancing the effectiveness of organizational change management. Human Resource Management, 22(1-2). Pp. 183 199. Pietersen, W. (2002). The Mark Twain dilemma: The theory and practice of change leadership. Journal of Business Strategy, 23(5). Pp. 32 37. Yukl, G. (n.d.). Leadership in organizations. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Rhetorical Topics For Essay Examples - Use Your Own Emotions As a Topic

Rhetorical Topics For Essay Examples - Use Your Own Emotions As a TopicSome of the best rhetorical topics for essay examples are things that are familiar to you. Take a moment and think about your own experiences. Have you experienced a certain situation where something happened that could not have been anticipated?Maybe you have been feeling down in the dumps because you had to deal with a problem or a loss and you are wondering if the issue has stayed with you forever. Perhaps you've just experienced a change in circumstances that you are unsure how to deal with. Regardless of your circumstance, you can be sure that you are familiar with a particular event or thought in your life that may have lead to the situation you are now facing.Take advantage of this and come up with some rhetorical topics for essay examples on those situations you are currently facing. Start by thinking about what is bothering you about the situation that you are facing now. Then, keep track of the major emo tions that you have associated with it and from there you can come up with good topics for essay examples.When you have an idea that makes you angry or frustrated or angry and frustrated, this will be the time to bring up that major emotion and make that important point that needs to be made. Focus on why you feel the way you do and get a grip on yourself before you start making arguments. Use emotion when necessary to get through the emotional roller coaster that you are on.More times people allow their emotions to affect their judgment in important aspects of their lives. If you want to be as successful as possible, you will need to learn how to control your own emotions. Emotions are powerful and need to be controlled if you are going to be successful in life.Another easy and obvious topic to use would be one you never thought you would hear before. Think back to times when you felt overwhelmed or had trouble coping. What was it that helped you to regain control and stay focused and the results you got?There are many other topics you can use as rhetorical topics for essay examples. Just remember that you can use any situation or thought that will help you gain control over your emotions and calm yourself down before you start to argue. The more control you gain, the more chances you have of being successful in life.The good news is that once you can control your emotions, you will be able to deal with more difficult situations in life much better. Before you know it, you will be able to save the world. That's a pretty big claim to fame!